The rapid development of intensive livestock farms has been taking place in recent decades. Many livestock farms are located near natural ecosystems and water sources. This creates significant environmental problems due to the generation of large amounts of manure and industrial wastewater. One of the possible options for minimizing such a negative impact is controlled anaerobic fermentation, which is one of the most suitable processing technologies of manure. The development of biogas technologies makes it possible to efficiently use manure to produce environmentally clean sources of energy and to obtain nutrients (fertilizers).
The analysis of publication activity on this research topic showed that the vast majority of scientific articles in the world were published by authors from countries that have significant technological development and directly develop and supply modern biogas plants to the world market (Germany, USA, Great Britain, Italy etc.). At the same time, the niche of bioenergy in developing countries is extremely promising in view of the socio-economic needs of a rapidly growing population and significant volumes of organic waste generated.
The Russian full-scale invasion of Ukraine, and the subsequent destruction of energy infrastructure (which worked on traditional sources of energy from fossil natural resources) shows the urgent need for diversification of supply in the energy industry and the search for alternative sources. The high potential of the raw material base of agriculture encourages the development and corrections of strategies for ensuring energy security and investing funds in the sustainable infrastructure of the future. The difficult situation of the fossil resources market (the dependence of Ukraine and the EU on Russian hydrocarbons) and the aggravation of the environmental situation (the need to reduce emissions of CO2) require a complex approach to deciding the present problem.
Overall, the methods for preliminary preparation of organic waste as substrates for biogas plants and the temperature regimes of the plant work (which consider the particularities of the vital activity of pathogens) need to be developed and improved. Further study of the methods of controlling the effectiveness of organic waste disinfection in relation to individual pathogens with the further development of biogas technologies lies in gaining perspective and relevance.
We are thankful to the Czech government support provided by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic, which allowed this scientific cooperation to start within the project “Empowering the Future of AgriSciences in Ukraine: AgriSci-UA”.
Keywords: biogas; organic waste processing; animal husbandry; pathogen inactivation.
Citation: Boyko, O.; Hapich, H.; Mylostyvyi, R.; Izhboldina, О.; Chernysh, Y.; Chubur, V.; Roubík, H.; and Brygadyrenko, V. Recycling and decontamination of organic waste in Ukraine: Current state, technologies and prospects for the biogas industry. Biosystems Diversity 2024, 32(2), 260–269, https://doi:10.15421/012428
